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Bats We Monitor Allen's Big-eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis Read More Photo credit: Ernie Valdez Arizona Myotis Myotis occultus Read More Photo credit: Ernie Valdez Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Read More Photo credit: Audrey Holstead Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis Read More Photo credit: Richard Hoyer Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis Read More Photo credit: Ernest Valdez California Leaf-nosed Bat Macrotus californicus Read More Photo credit: Alan Harper California Myotis Myotis californicus Read More Photo credit: Alan Harper Canyon Bat Parastrellus hesperus Read More Photo credit: Dan Neubaum Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Read More Photo credit: J. Scott Altenbach Desert Red Bat Lasiurus frantzii Read More Photo credit: Bureau of Reclamation Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Read More Photo credit: Jordi Segers Eastern Small-footed Myotis Myotis leibii Read More Photo credit: Valerie Kearny, Arkansas State University Evening bat Nycticeius humeralis Read More Photo Credit: K. Leeker Florida bonneted bat Eumops floridanus Read More Photo credit: Florida Fish & Wildlife Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes Read More Photo credit: Pipe Spring NPS Gray Myotis Myotis grisescens Read More Photo credit: Dane Smith Greater Bonneted Bat Eumops perotis Read More Photo credit: BLM Hawaiian Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus semotus Read More Photo credit: Corinna Pinzari Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Read More Photo credit: Jose Martinez-Fonseca Indiana Myotis Myotis sodalis Read More Photo credit: Dane Smith Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat Artibeus jamaicensis Read More Photo credit: Steven Brewer Lesser Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris yerbabuenae Read More Photo credit: Alan Schmierer Little Brown Bat Myotis lucifugus Read More Photo credit: Jordi Segers Long-eared Myotis Myotis evotis Read More Photo credit: Dan Neubaum Long-legged Myotis Myotis volans Read More Photo credit: Paul Cryan Mexican Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris nivalis Read More Photo credit: Winifred Frick, BCI Mexican Long-tongued Bat Choeronycteris mexicana Read More Photo credit: Patrick Randall Northern Long-eared Myotis Myotis septentrionalis Read More Photo credit: Andrea Schuhmann Northern Yellow Bat Lasiurus intermedius Read More Photo credit: Kpix Photo Pallas' Mastiff Bat Molossus molossus Read More Photo credit: Thomas Cuypers Pallid Bat Antrozous pallidus Read More Photo credit: BCI Menden Pictures Peter's Ghost-faced Bat Mormoops megalophylla Read More Photo credit: Jennifer Krauel Pocketed Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops femorosaccus Read More Photo credit: Saguaro NPS Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii Read More Photo credit: Jason Slater, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus Read More Photo credit: Kathleen Smith, Florida FWCC Silver-haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans Read More Photo credit: Jose Martinez-Fonseca, NAU Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius Read More Photo credit: Andrea Schuhmann Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus ega Read More Photo credit: Arturo Munoz Southwestern Myotis Myotis auriculus Read More Photo credit: Bruce D. Taubert Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum Read More Photo credit: Paul Cryan Townsend's Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus townsendii Read More Photo credit: Ann Froschauer, USFWS Tricolored Bat Perimyotis subflavus Read More Photo credit: Andrea Schuhmann Underwood's Bonneted Bat Eumops underwoodi Read More Photo credit: J. Scott Altenbach Western Small-footed myotis Myotis ciliolabrum Read More Photo credit: Ian Maton Western Yellow Bat Lasiurus xanthinus Read More Photo credit: BLM California Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Read More Photo credit: Dan Neubaum

02fcfc5d-f162-4850-8afe-893c6611e891 Photo credit: Corinna Pinzari USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Lasiurus cinereus semotus Order: Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: Low frequency caller (~30 kHz range) Weight 1/2 – 6/10 oz (14 - 18 g) Body Length 4 - 5 in (10 - 13 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Hawaiian Hoary Bat The Hawaiian hoary bat is the only terrestrial mammal native to the state of Hawaii, and it is also known as ʻōpeʻapeʻa which means “half-leaf”. This species is characterized by reddish-brown fur with silvery tints and is almost identical in appearance to the hoary bat found in North America. The Hawaiian hoary bat is smaller bodied compared to its mainland North American counterpart, ranging between 14 – 18 grams. Hawaiian hoary bats typically roost in the leaves of trees, and they migrate seasonally by elevation. They can forage for a wide variety of prey types, but primarily feed on moths. This subspecies is listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Missing required HOW TO RESOLVE: Enter missing required data (required status by field indicated in third row of template) based on data type restrictions listed by field in third header row of template. Ensure each record includes values for all required field before re-uploading. Example: A portion of the stationary acoustic full template showing required status by field listed in the third row of template ADDED EXPLANATION: Surveys must include key fields that answer "where, what, when, and who" questions: either a 'GRTS Cell Id' or 'Latitude'/'Longitude' to locate the survey; a 'Site Name' to describe the place; 'Survey Start Time' and 'Survey End Time'; the the 'Name of Surveyor(s)'. Each survey type may also require a few additional fields. If any required fields are omitted, the upload wizard will block the file or flag row-level omissions. Use the template's informational header rows to see which fields are required and ensure each data entry row contains entries for these fields before uploading.

4c756a0f-e6bc-459e-a43a-d1f018b7a0c0 Photo credit: Andrea Schuhmann USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Perimyotis subflavus Order: Chiroptera Suborder : Yangochiroptera Family : Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: High frequency caller (~40 kHz range) Weight 1/8 - 1/4 oz (4.6 - 7.9 g) Body Length 3 - 3 1/2 in (7.7 – 8.9 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Tricolored Bat The tricolored bat (previously known as the eastern pipistrelle) is one of the smallest species in North America, with a short face and large eyes and ears. Its name comes from the characteristically tri-colored fur on its back, which shifts from dark at the base, yellowish-brown in the middle, and reddish-brown at the tips. This species prefers open woodlands and woodland edges, especially areas near water. Maternity roosts can be found in dead or live foliage, while caves, mines, and other rock crevices are used for summer roosts and winter hibernation. Tricolored bats prey on flying insects such as moths, mosquitoes, and ants. This species has suffered rapid population declines due to white-nose syndrome. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

Create Account Plan Project Collect Data Prep/Process Data Upload Data Data QA/QC Get Data Species Codes Quick Links PROCESSING ACOUSTICS IN KALEIDOSCOPE PRO Select the acoustic survey type for which you have data STATIONARY POINT SURVEYS MOBILE TRANSECT SURVEYS Important Update to the Kaleidoscope Pro Workflow O lder versions of the NABat xml form for Kaleidoscope Pro required two separate processing steps using two separate xmls: first, embedding metadata to the acoustic files, and second, reading those processed data to a meta.csv output file. The new NABat xml form and updated workflow completes everything in one step. Updated versions of Kaleidoscope Pro now provide SAWG GRTS 1.0 as a classifier option and processing outputs now report MLE scores. Updates to the NABat Stationary Acoustic Upload Template are coming soon to ingest MLE scores. Processing Stationary Point Surveys 1. Open Kaleidoscope and click Browse to select the input directory of the folder containing your .wav/.zc files. Select the box beside the type of input files (WAV files or ZC files ). Select a folder containing all data for a single detector deployment (all nights at a single site). This is the broadest selection for which all files will share the same metadata (site name, latitude, longitude, etc.). NOTE: Download the required NABat metadata form here . Use NABat STATIONARY Survey Metadata Form for Kaleidoscope Lite + Pro (v2026).xml for use when processing stationary acoustic data. 2. Click the drop-down menu beside Default Project Form and select Add or Replace a Project Form . Navigate to NABat STATIONARY Survey Metadata Form for Kaleidoscope Lite + Pro (v2026).xml and select the file. The NABat metadata form will now load in the bottom of the INPUTS section (the left half of the Kaleidoscope window). 3. Complete all metadata fields for which you have data. Required fields include: GRTS Cell ID or Latitude and Longitude Site Name Survey Start Time Survey End Time Surveyor(s) Auto ID Software Name of Species List for Auto Id Name of Species List for Manual ID (if manual ID is provided) Audio Recording Name Audio Recording Time Some fields require specific formatting. Hover the pointer over a field for formatting tips and/or a list of accepted entries. CAUTION: Scrolling mouse over drop-down boxes will scroll through options and may result in unintentional selections. Avoid this by scrolling through form using the gray scroll bar on the far right and double-check form entries before processing. 4. Once all required metadata fields and any additional fields for which you have data have been completed, select the desired output directory to save processed files by clicking Browse in the top right of the window. 5. Once the output directory has been selected, choose Nightly from the Create subdirectories drop-down menu to keep new files organized by detector night. Next, select the type of output files you intend to create, WAV or ZC (ZC files cannot be converted to WAV). Users with zero crossing files that end in the .# extension rather than .zc should select the 8.3 file names and Use .zc instead of .??# options below ZC files. Otherwise, Kaleidoscope will remove the seconds from the filename, increasing the likelihood of duplicate filenames (resulting from distinct files recorded within the same minute) which will create errors when uploading metadata to the NABat database. 6. Next, click the Auto ID for Bats tab at the top of the window. Select Bats of North America from the Classifiers drop-down menu. Select + 1 More Accurate (Conservative) from the drop-down menu at the top right and select your state/region from the drop-down menu below the list of species. Species can be manually added or removed based on specific knowledge of species assemblages in your area, but this must be reflected in your NABat species lists used for Auto Id and for Manual Id. NOTE: Updated versions of Kaleidoscope Pro now provide SAWG GRTS 1.0 as a classifier option via the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) species lookup by GRTS ID field. Under this field, select your sampling frame in the drop-down menu and enter your GRTS ID in the open field. Leave the above Select by region option blank. 7. Click Process Files in the bottom right corner of the window. 8. Manual verification of auto-identified species is not required for upload to the NABat Partner Portal. Users who intend to manually verify auto-identified species may review audio files when Kaleidoscope Pro has finished processing. NABat guidance recommends manual verification of a minimum of one audio file per species per night to establish presence-absence. 9. If your detector model automatically embeds a date/time stamp into call files, these data should auto-populate and appear in the Audio Recording Time column of the Kaleidoscope Pro id.csv output. If so, you may skip the renaming process. However, before uploading metadata to NABat, ensure that the Audio Recording Time column contains data. Otherwise, file names must adhere to NABat's naming format (e.g., GRTSCellId_SiteName_Timestamp.wav or .zc) and users should follow the guidance in step 10. If the Audio Recording Time column successfully auto-populates, you may skip to step 11. 10. To rename files, follow the instructions in NABat's R script for renaming acoustic files . Rename all files to ensure they are consistent with NABat naming format. NABat naming format: GRTSID_SITENAME_YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS.wav/zc. NOTE: Kaleidoscope will append '_000' to the end of filenames. The '_000' filename suffix is how Kaleidoscope marks a distinction between raw audio files vs audio files that have been processed in Kaleidoscope to embed metadata and/or processed to auto-classify. It is okay to retain the '_000' suffix in filenames. 11. Navigate to the current output directory folder and open the id.csv file. Check to ensure all fields for which you entered data are filled and ensure one or both of the Auto Id/Manual Id columns are filled. 12. Rename the id.csv file with a descriptive and unique name and save. The NABat system will automatically overwrite duplicate file names in a given project with the most recent version, so it is critical that your file name is unique. NOTE: Extra columns/field names are included in the id.csv containing call metrics and as a byproduct of the MLE calculation. It is okay to delete these fields before uploading data, it is also okay to leave them, they will be ignored and not ingested into the NABat database. Additionally, the MLE scores will be ignored and not ingested into the NABat database until corresponding updates to the data upload template are completed (coming soon). Processing Mobile Transect Surveys 1. Open Kaleidoscope and click Browse to select the input directory of the folder containing your .wav/.zc files. Select the box beside the type of input files (WAV files or ZC files ). Select a folder containing all data for a single detector deployment (all nights at a single site). This is the broadest selection for which all files will share the same metadata (site name, latitude, longitude, etc.). NOTE: Download the required NABat metadata form here . Use NABat MOBILE Survey Metadata Form for Kaleidoscope Lite + Pro (v2026).xml for use when processing stationary acoustic data. 2. Click the drop-down menu beside Default Project Form and select Add or Replace a Project Form . Navigate to NABat MOBILE Survey Metadata Form for Kaleidoscope Lite + Pro (v2026).xml and select the file. The NABat metadata form will now load in the bottom of the INPUTS section (the left half of the Kaleidoscope window). 3. Complete all metadata fields for which you have data. Required fields include: GRTS Cell ID or Latitude and Longitude Site Name Survey Start Time Survey End Time Surveyor(s) Auto ID Software Name of Species List for Auto Id Name of Species List for Manual ID (if manual ID is provided) Audio Recording Name Audio Recording Time Some fields require specific formatting. Hover the pointer over a field for formatting tips and/or a list of accepted entries. CAUTION: Scrolling mouse over drop-down boxes will scroll through options and may result in unintentional selections. Avoid this by scrolling through form using the gray scroll bar on the far right and double-check form entries before processing. Spatial information for the route should be uploaded or drawn prior to completing these steps and uploading metadata. Guidance for providing spatial data for the route is available here . Ensure that the Site Name you provide with call metadata matches the name of the spatial object you upload or create. If your mobile transect passes through > 1 cell and you have a record of the X, Y location where each call was recorded (using an external GPS or a GPS enabled detector), leave the GRTS Cell ID field blank. The NABat system will use the X, Y locations to auto-assign the correct GRTS cell to each call. Otherwise, calls recorded outside the primary cell will produce a Latitude-Longitude/GRTS ID mismatch error. If Latitude and Longitude are embedded in your call files, the Kaleidoscope metadata form will extract those values and auto-populate the metadata output. If Latitude and Longitude values were downloaded from a GPS unit, see step 13. If you are unable to provide the X, Y location where each file was recorded, the NABat system can estimate the location based on user-provided spatial information for the route, timestamps of each file, and the start/end times of the survey. In this case, it is critical that users provide a spatial object for the route prior to uploading metadata, ensure timestamps are provided for each file, provide start and end times of the route, and leave the GRTS Cell ID column of the metadata upload blank. 4. Once all required metadata fields (and any additional fields for which you have data) have been completed, select the desired output directory to save processed files by clicking Browse in the top right of the window. 5. Once the output directory has been selected, choose Nightly from the Create subdirectories drop-down menu to keep new files organized by detector night. Next, select the type of output files you intend to create, WAV or ZC (ZC files cannot be converted to WAV). Users with zero crossing files that end in the .# extension rather than .zc should select the 8.3 file names and Use .zc instead of .??# options below ZC files. Otherwise, Kaleidoscope will remove the seconds from the filename, increasing the likelihood of duplicate filenames (resulting from distinct files recorded within the same minute) which will create errors when uploading metadata to the NABat database. 6. Next, click the Auto ID for Bats tab at the top of the window. Select Bats of North America from the Classifiers drop-down menu. Select + 1 More Accurate (Conservative) from the drop-down menu at the top right and select your state/region from the drop-down menu below the list of species. Species can be manually added or removed based on specific knowledge of species assemblages in your area, but this must be reflected in your NABat species lists used for Auto Id and for Manual Id. NOTE: Updated versions of Kaleidoscope Pro now provide SAWG GRTS 1.0 as a classifier option via the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) species lookup by GRTS ID field. Under this field, select your sampling frame in the drop-down menu and enter your GRTS ID in the open field. Leave the above Select by region option blank. 7. Click Process Files in the bottom right corner of the window. 8. Manual verification of auto-identified species is not required for upload to the NABat Partner Portal. Users who intend to manually verify auto-identified species may review audio files when Kaleidoscope Pro has finished processing. NABat guidance recommends manual verification of a minimum of one audio file per species per night to establish presence-absence. 9. If your detector model automatically embeds a date/time stamp into call files, these data should auto-populate and appear in the Audio Recording Time column of the Kaleidoscope Pro id.csv output. If so, you may skip the renaming process. However, before uploading metadata to NABat, ensure that the Audio Recording Time column contains data. Otherwise, file names must adhere to NABat's naming format (e.g., GRTSCellId_SiteName_Timestamp.wav or .zc) and users should follow the guidance in step 10. If the Audio Recording Time column successfully auto-populates, you may skip to step 11. 10. To rename files, follow the instructions in NABat's R script for renaming acoustic files . Rename all files to ensure they are consistent with NABat naming format. NABat naming format: GRTSID_SITENAME_YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS.wav/zc. NOTE: Kaleidoscope will append '_000' to the end of filenames. The '_000' filename suffix is how Kaleidoscope marks a distinction between raw audio files vs audio files that have been processed in Kaleidoscope to embed metadata and/or processed to auto-classify. It is okay to retain the '_000' suffix in filenames. 11. Navigate to the current output directory folder and open the id.csv file. Check to ensure all fields for which you entered data are filled and ensure one or both of the Auto Id/Manual Id columns are filled. 12. Rename the id.csv file with a descriptive and unique name and save. The NABat system will automatically overwrite duplicate file names in a given project with the most recent version, so it is critical that your file name is unique. NOTE: Extra columns/field names are included in the id.csv containing call metrics and as a byproduct of the MLE calculation. It is okay to delete these fields before uploading data, it is also okay to leave them, they will be ignored and not ingested into the NABat database. Additionally, the MLE scores will be ignored and not ingested into the NABat database until corresponding updates to the data upload template are completed (coming soon). 13. Users who saved latitude and longitude of recordings with an external GPS unit must manually add X,Y locations to the bulk metadata spreadsheet. To begin, download the locations file from your GPS unit. This is typically in the form of a text file with columns for filename, latitude, and longitude. Users with GPS enabled detectors that embed X,Y locations into call files (the latitude/longitude columns of your CSV will already contain data) can skip to step 20. 14. Import the GPS text file into Excel: Open a new spreadsheet. Click the Data tab and then select Get Data , then From File , and finally From Text/CSV . Navigate to your GPS text file and click Open . A dialogue box will appear with a preview of the data to be imported. The GPS text files are typically tab delimited. If your data are properly sorted into columns, click Load . If not, use the Delimiter drop-down menu to select the appropriate delimiter and click Load . 15. When your data are loaded into an Excel spreadsheet, click the Sort and Filter button (under the Home tab) and select Custom Sort . 16. In the dialogue box, select the column containing your filenames to sort by. 17. Next, open the CSV containing your survey metadata (the renamed id.csv file) and sort by the Audio Recording Name column. 18. The two Excel documents (survey metadata CSV and GPS spreadsheet) should now be sorted by chronological order. Double check to ensure that the sorted columns match based on chronological order. 19. If the documents are sorted properly, you can now copy and paste the latitude and longitude columns from the GPS file into the metadata CSV. Select the latitude and longitude columns of the GPS document. Highlight the latitude and longitude columns, right click, and select Copy . Next, select the Latitude cell of the first call for the deployment, right click, and select Paste. The Latitude and Longitude columns should now be filled with the corresponding values. 20. The metadata file is now ready to be uploaded to your NABat project

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: FOREACH expression must not be null HOW TO RESOLVE: Enter missing required data based on the template's header rows—the third row indicates required status by field, and the second row lists data type restrictions. Ensure each record includes values for all required fields before re-uploading. Example: The "Auto Id" field in the acoustic templates must include one of the controlled categorical responses listed in the second header row. An entry for this field is 'REQUIRED' for successful data upload. ADDED EXPLANATION: Surveys must include key fields that answer the "where, what, when, and who" questions: either a GRTS Cell ID or latitude/longitude to locate the survey, a Site Name to describe the place, survey start and end times, and the names of surveyors. Each survey type may also require a few additional fields. If required columns are missing entirely, the upload wizard will block the file. If required columns are present but individual rows lack values, those rows will be flagged while the rest of the file can load. Use the template's informational header rows to identify which fields are required and ensure each data entry row contains values for these fields before uploading.

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Invalid option for HOW TO RESOLVE: Replace erroneous data in flagged field based on data type requirements and controlled categorical responses listed by field in second header row of template. Use spreadsheet find/replace tools to correct values efficiently. ADDED EXPLANATION: Fields in all NABat templates have data type requirements and controlled categorical responses listed by field in the second header row. Using unrecognized data entry options or accidentally ingesting header rows as data entries can trigger 'invalid categorical errors'. check the template's second header row to view data type requirements or lists of controlled categorical responses. Use spreadsheet find/replace tools to correct values. Please contact the NABat Technical Outreach Team if you need additional categorical options added to fields (e.g., new software versions, new detector models, etc.).

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Location name is not unique and GRTS Cell ID or latitude and longitude were not provided. HOW TO RESOLVE: This error occurs when 'GRTS Cell Id' and 'Latitude'/'Longitude' are both missing from a record. Ensure the ''GRTS Cell Id' field or "Latitude' & 'Longitude' fields are completed for each submitted record. ADDED EXPLANATION: Surveys must include key fields that answer the "where, what, when, and who" questions: either a GRTS Cell ID or latitude/longitude to locate the survey, a Site Name to describe the place, survey start and end times, and the names of surveyors. Each survey type may also require a few additional fields. If required columns are missing entirely, the upload wizard will block the file. If required columns are present but individual rows lack values, those rows will be flagged while the rest of the file can load. Use the template's informational header rows to identify which fields are required and ensure each data entry row contains values for these fields before uploading.

025d9411-1f71-42f8-8a0b-0652c7222a88 Photo credit: Ernest Valdez USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Tadarida brasiliensis Order: Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family : Mollosidae Call characteristics: High frequency caller (~25 kHz range) Weight 1/4 - 1/5 oz (7 - 12 g) Body Length 3 - 4 in (7.9 – 9.8 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Brazilian free-tailed bats are named for the long tails that extend beyond their uropatagium (membrane surrounding the tail). Like other species of the family Molossidae, Brazilian free-tailed bats have distinctive large, rounded ears that form a semicircle around the face and nearly meet on the forehead. They are a fast flying bat and have been clocked at speeds up to 60 mph. This species is know for its extremely large colonies; the largest, Bracken Cave, is home to more than 15 million individuals. Brazilian free-tailed bats commonly roost in caves, bridges, and buildings. They are generalist feeders, preying on moths, beetles, flies, and insects in the order Hemiptera. Females typically give birth to a single pup each summer. The average lifespan of Brazilian free-tailed bats is 8 years. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

588e4a1d-3771-417c-aeab-abec61a5c47d Photo credit: Andrea Schuhmann USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Myotis austroriparius Order : Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family : Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: High frequency caller (~40 kHz range) Weight 1/5 - 1/3 oz (5.1 - 8.1 g) Body Length 3 - 3 4/5 in (7.7 – 9.7 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Southeastern Myotis The southeastern myotis is distinguishable from other Myotis species by its woolly, bi-colored fur (dark brown at the base with pale tips) and especially long toe hairs. Summer habitat includes hardwood and mixed forests, coastal areas, and a wide range of riparian habitat. Maternity colonies are often associated with caves, but have also been observed in hollow trees and man-made structures like bridges and culverts. In its southern range, the species remains active for much of the winter, but individuals in the northern range hibernate in some of the same structures used for summer roosts (e.g., caves). Females of this species typically give birth to twin pups. Diet consists primarily of mosquitoes, crane flies, and moths. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

d53f38e1-8cc5-41eb-b46d-cab2c2309c1c Photo credit: Dan Neubaum USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Myotis evotis Order: Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: Low frequency caller (~30 kHz range) Weight 1/4 oz (5 - 8 g) Body Length 3 3/8 – 3 7/8 in (8.7 – 10cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Long-eared Myotis The long-eared Myotis has lighter, yellow fur on its back and a grayish, pale underside. This bat's face, ears, and membranes are a darker, black color. True to its name, the long-eared Myotis has long ears that end in slightly rounded tips. This species can be found in mixed coniferous forests, occurring at higher elevations within its southern range. Roosting sites are typically located high in tree cavities, beneath the bark of dead or living trees, or in caves and old buildings. Pregnant females will roost in rock crevices, logs, or stumps. Moths are a staple in this species' diet. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

dd95a9de-ff48-4c3d-823e-6a156b1cb0cd Photo credit: Dane Smith USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Myotis grisescens Order: Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: High frequency caller (~50 kHz range) Weight 1/4 - 5/8 oz (7 - 16g) Body Length 3-4 in (7-10 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Gray Myotis The gray Myotis has light to dark brown fur with long, dark ears. Ears are longer than many other Myotis species, extending 1/4 cm (7 mm) beyond the nose when laid forward and featuring a long and thin tragus. The gray Myotis has a keeled calcar. When foraging, gray Myotis prefer to feast on flying insects like mayflies and beetles. This species almost exclusively roosts in caves throughout the year. In the summer, they can be found in warmer caves located in close proximity to water sources. In winter, the species prefers cool, deep, well aerated caves. Appropriate cave temperatures are essential for hibernation and rearing young. During winter, it is estimated that 95% of the known population of gray Myotis occur in just nine caves. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next