Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Audio recording metadata is required to upload acoustic survey results HOW TO RESOLVE: Enter missing required data based on the template's header rows—the third row indicates required status by field, and the second row lists data type restrictions. Ensure each record includes values for all required fields before re-uploading. Example: Providing a unique 'Audio Recording Name' is a 'REQUIRED' for each record to ensure a successful data upload. ADDED EXPLANATION: Surveys must include key fields that answer the "where, what, when, and who" questions: either a GRTS Cell ID or latitude/longitude to locate the survey, a Site Name to describe the place, survey start and end times, and the names of surveyors. Each survey type may also require a few additional fields. If required columns are missing entirely, the upload wizard will block the file. If required columns are present but individual rows lack values, those rows will be flagged while the rest of the file can load. Use the template's informational header rows to identify which fields are required and ensure each data entry row contains values for these fields before uploading.

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Invalid option for HOW TO RESOLVE: Replace erroneous data in flagged field based on data type requirements and controlled categorical responses listed by field in second header row of template. Use spreadsheet find/replace tools to correct values efficiently. ADDED EXPLANATION: Fields in all NABat templates have data type requirements and controlled categorical responses listed by field in the second header row. Using unrecognized data entry options or accidentally ingesting header rows as data entries can trigger 'invalid categorical errors'. check the template's second header row to view data type requirements or lists of controlled categorical responses. Use spreadsheet find/replace tools to correct values. Please contact the NABat Technical Outreach Team if you need additional categorical options added to fields (e.g., new software versions, new detector models, etc.).

Rename Acoustic Files Transpose Colony Counts from Columns to Rows Generate Timestamps from AnaBat Filenames R Code for Mobile Transects: Auto Assign GRTS Cell to Recordings NABat R Package

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: line_interpolate_point: [custom text] HOW TO RESOLVE: Ensure each row has a valid location combination: 'GRTS Cell Id' alone, 'GRTS Cell Id' with 'Quadrant', or 'Latitude'/'Longitude'. Verify longitudes are negative and lat/long values aren't swapped. If both 'GRTS Cell Id' and coordinates are present but conflict, remove whichever you trust less—delete the 'GRTS Cell Id' value (keeping the column) if you trust coordinates, or omit lat/long to let the system match on cell ID and site name. Ensure site names are unique to prevent ambiguity. For repeat visits to established sites, verify coordinates remain consistent—new coordinates within 55m of an existing site are ignored, coordinates 55–100m away create a new map point but maintain site association, but coordinates exceeding 100m generate an entirely new site record, breaking data continuity and preventing trend analyses. Mobile transect surveys operate under different logic that matches primarily on unique Site Name values; see "ADDED EXPLANATION" for details. ADDED EXPLANATION: NABat requires at least a 'GRTS Cell Id' to assign surveys to a 10×10 km grid cell, but recommends providing additional granularity via 'Quadrant' or 'Latitude'/'Longitude' when possible. Location errors occur when this information is missing, ambiguous, or internally conflicting. Ambiguity commonly arises when generic site names (e.g., "Bridge 1" or "Cave") are reused across multiple locations, or when provided coordinates fall outside the boundaries of the stated GRTS cell. For large datasets, load coordinates into GIS or mapping tools to verify placements and catch systematic issues such as swapped lat/long columns or missing negative signs. To avoid unintentional site splits when revisiting established sites, verify coordinates match prior uploads or omit coordinates entirely to let the system match on Site Name alone. Mobile transect surveys can match solely on a unique 'Site Name' value, bypassing some ambiguity checks applied to other survey types. It is recommended that users draw a line object representing their route on the project map, named to exactly match the Site Name value(s) in the upload file. The portal can then estimate missing lat/long coordinates by combining route geometry with elapsed time during the survey. Without a defined line object, surveys traversing multiple GRTS cells with missing coordinates cannot be processed—users must estimate coordinates themselves or provide the 'GRTS Cell Id' for each record. Surveys occurring entirely within a single cell should still have their route drawn; however, users preferring coarser resolution can provide only the 'GRTS Cell Id'.

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Missing required HOW TO RESOLVE: Enter missing required data (required status by field indicated in third row of template) based on data type restrictions listed by field in third header row of template. Ensure each record includes values for all required field before re-uploading. Example: A portion of the stationary acoustic full template showing required status by field listed in the third row of template ADDED EXPLANATION: Surveys must include key fields that answer "where, what, when, and who" questions: either a 'GRTS Cell Id' or 'Latitude'/'Longitude' to locate the survey; a 'Site Name' to describe the place; 'Survey Start Time' and 'Survey End Time'; the the 'Name of Surveyor(s)'. Each survey type may also require a few additional fields. If any required fields are omitted, the upload wizard will block the file or flag row-level omissions. Use the template's informational header rows to see which fields are required and ensure each data entry row contains entries for these fields before uploading.

aa403d7e-53a1-4786-809d-5badf3901f4d Photo credit: Patrick Randall USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Choeronycteris mexicana Order: Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family: Phyllostomidae Call characteristics: Low frequency caller (5 kHz) Weight 4/5 oz (25 g) Body Length 3 1/3 in (8.5 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Mexican Long-tongued Bat The Mexican long-tongued bat has gray to gray-brown fur, a long nose and nose leaf, small ears, and a broad tail membrane. It is found in desert habitats from the very southern ranges of California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas south throughout Mexico. It migrates and the majority of individuals found in the US part of its range were females during the maternity season (May-November). This bat feeds on the nectar of columnar cacti and has also been seen draining hummingbird feeders. Not much is known about the life history of this species. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

9d7dce71-206f-46a1-b335-84d0a915976e Photo credit: Paul Cryan USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Euderma maculatum Order: Chiroptera Suborder : Yangochiroptera Family : Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: Low frequency caller (12-6 kHz sweep) Weight 1/2 - 3/4 oz (15 - 20 g) Body Length 4 1/5 - 4 1/2 in (10.7 – 11.5 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Spotted Bat The spotted bat is easy to distinguish from other North American bats, with tremendous, pink ears and the namesake white dorsal spots that dot its black pelage. Spotted bats are found in arid landscapes, often in areas of juniper, sagebrush, and pine savannahs. This bat typically roosts and hibernates in the rock crevices of cliffs or caves. While generally considered solitary, small groups of spotted bats may cluster together during hibernation. This species feeds mostly on moths and beetles. Elusive, much is still unknown about the life history of the spotted bat. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

f5bf17b6-75d6-4e08-86b6-941cf32388a3 Photo credit: Jordi Segers USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Lasiurus borealis Order: Chiroptera Suborder : Yangochiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: Higher frequency caller (38 - 50 kHz) Weight 1/4 - 1/2 oz (7 - 13 g) Body Length 3 5/8 - 4 5/8 in (9.3 - 11.7 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Eastern Red Bat The eastern red bat has light gray-brown fur on the upper side of its body and more whitish fur on the under side, with an orange-red face. Females are more likely to exhibit paler coloring. This species prefers to live within more remote, forested areas. Males are more likely to occur in cooler regions, with females tending to occur in warmer, lowland areas. This bat will roost amongst the foliage of deciduous or occasionally evergreen trees. In winter, this species hibernates by burrowing into leaf litter and bunch grass. Their diet consists primarily of moths but other insects such as beetles and members of Hemiptera are also featured on the menu. Females commonly have more than a single pup (baby bat), twins or triplets, but can have liters of up to five pups. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

002863c6-b704-4f42-8b4c-48a484119e2c Photo credit: Jose Martinez-Fonseca USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Lasiurus cinereus Order: Chiroptera Suborder: Yangochiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: Low frequency caller (~20 kHz range) Weight 3/4 - 1/4 oz (20 - 35 g) Body Length 5 1/8 - 6 in (13 - 15 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Hoary Bat The hoary bat is a stunning bat with dark gray and brown fur, covered in white, frost-like tips. Hoary bats are one of the largest in America, with females being larger than males. This species is more likely to avoid roosting in human made structures, preferring wooded areas where it can hang alone, high up in the trees and along forest borders. When foraging for a meal, the hoary bat prefers to dine primarily on moths. Wind turbines have posed a significant threat to this species, with hoary bats suffering mortality due to impact with turbine blades. Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: is an invalid integer HOW TO RESOLVE: Use the template's second header row to view data type requirements and replace erroneous data in flagged field based on the field's listed requirements. Adjust cell formats or use find/replace to convert values to the correct type. Example: The "GRTS Cell Id" field in the stationary acoustic template accepts integer data. Non-integer data (e.g., string values or floats - numbers with decimals like 1.5) entered into this column will result in an error warning. If the "|" pipe symbol at the start of header row gets accidentally removed, those rows will no longer be treated as headers and instead will be read in as data rows. This results in categorical or data type errors like, " is an invalid integer". Simply make sure a pipe symbol "|" is included at the start of each header row and re-upload your csv to the Partner Portal. ADDED EXPLANATION: Each field in the template requires a particular data type (e.g., text, integer, string, date-time, or true/false) or a controlled categorical response. Values that don't match these data type requirements will be rejected. In a spreadsheet application, resolve by adjusting cell formats. Examples include, changing numbers stored as text into integer format, converting decimals to integers, or trimming time-zone suffixes from date-time strings. For widespread issues in non-required fields, consider omitting the column entirely and re-uploading.

Back to Search ERROR WARNING: Observational data must include HOW TO RESOLVE: Enter missing required data based on the template's header rows -- the third row indicates 'required' status by field, and the second row lists data type restrictions. Ensure each record includes values for all required fields before re-uploading. ADDED EXPLANATION: Surveys must include key fields that answer the "where, what, when, and who"questions. This means a user must include either a GRTS Cell ID or latitude and longitude, a Site name to describe the location, survey start and end times, and names of the surveyors. Each survey type may also require additional fields. If required columns are missing entirely, the upload wizard will block the file upload. If required columns are present but individual rows lack values, those rows will be flagged while the rest of the file rows can load. Use the template's informational header rows to identify which fields are required and ensure each data row contains values for these fields before uploading.

dc5dd233-e027-4cf3-b527-7a493b664525 Photo credit: Jason Slater, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission USFWS Next WNS & Listing Status Corynorhinus rafinesquii Order : Chiroptera Suborder : Yangochiroptera Family : Vespertilionidae Call characteristics: Frequency modulated sweep (~20 kHz) Weight 1/4 - 1/2 oz (7 - 13 g) Body Length 3 1/2 in - 4 1/5 (9.2 – 10.6 cm) There are various sources for bat species range maps including IUCN , NatureServe , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ECOS , and the National Atlas of the United States . US SWAP National List IUCN Red List Canada Species at Risk Mexico Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat Rafinesque’s big-eared bats are easily identifiable throughout the southeastern U.S. by their extremely large ears and short snout with prominent lumps that flank the nostrils. The species' dorsal fur ranges from gray to reddish-brown, and its bicolored ventral fur has a dark base with pale or white tips that distinguish it from the closely-related Townsend's big-eared bat. This species is uncommon throughout most of its range, which spans across the southeastern U.S. and north into Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. It is primarily found in mature forests, especially cypress/tupelo-gum stands. Rafinesque’s big-eared bats roost in trees, caves, bridges, and occasionally buildings. Winter habits of the species vary: individuals in cooler parts of the range often hibernate, while those in warmer climates are active throughout the year. Rafinesque’s big-eared bats feed mostly on moths but will also eat other insects including crane flies and horseflies. Females produce a single pup per reproductive cycle. The oldest recorded Rafinesque’s big-eared bat is 10 years old. Rafinesque's big-eared bats are one of a handful of low-intensity echolocation species colloquially referred to as "whispering bats." Information used to populate this page was obtained from the following sources: NatureServe Explorer United States Fish and Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System Bat Conservation International Bat Profiles National Atlas of the United States. (2011). North American Bat Ranges, 1830-2008. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/pz329xp4277. Taylor, M. 2019. Bats: an illustrated guide to all species. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. Conservation Status Previous Next